The BigScience ROOTS Corpus: A 1.6TB Composite Multilingual Dataset

Hugo Laurenccon, Lucile Saulnier, Thomas Wang, Christopher Akiki, Albert Villanova del Moral +49 more
2/12/2026

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Abstract

As language models grow ever larger, the need for large-scale high-quality text datasets has never been more pressing, especially in multilingual settings. The BigScience workshop, a 1-year international and multidisciplinary initiative, was formed with the goal of researching and training large language models as a values-driven undertaking, putting issues of ethics, harm, and governance in the foreground. This paper documents the data creation and curation efforts undertaken by BigScience to assemble the Responsible Open-science Open-collaboration Text Sources (ROOTS) corpus, a 1.6TB dataset spanning 59 languages that was used to train the 176-billion-parameter BigScience Large Open-science Open-access Multilingual (BLOOM) language model. We further release a large initial subset of the corpus and analyses thereof, and hope to empower large-scale monolingual and multilingual modeling projects with both the data and the processing tools, as well as stimulate research around this large multilingual corpus.

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@article{laurenccon2026bigscience,
  title  = {The BigScience ROOTS Corpus: A 1.6TB Composite Multilingual Dataset},
  author = {Hugo Laurenccon and Lucile Saulnier and Thomas Wang and Christopher Akiki and Albert Villanova del Moral and Teven Le Scao and L. V. Werra and Chenghao Mou and E. G. Ponferrada and Huu Nguyen and Jorg Frohberg and Mario vSavsko and Quentin Lhoest and Angelina McMillan-Major and Gérard Dupont and Stella Biderman and Anna Rogers and Loubna Ben Allal and F. Toni and Giada Pistilli and Olivier Nguyen and Somaieh Nikpoor and Maraim Masoud and Pierre Colombo and Javier de la Rosa and Paulo Villegas and Tristan Thrush and S. Longpre and Sebastian Nagel and Leon Weber and M. Muñoz and Jian Zhu and Daniel Alexander van Strien and Zaid Alyafeai and Khalid Almubarak and Minh Chien Vu and Itziar Gonzalez-Dios and Aitor Soroa Etxabe and Kyle Lo and Manan Dey and Pedro Ortiz Suarez and Aaron Gokaslan and Shamik Bose and David Ifeoluwa Adelani and Long Phan and H. Tran and I. Yu and S. Pai and Jenny Chim and Violette Lepercq and Suzana Ilic and Margaret Mitchell and Sasha Luccioni and Yacine Jernite},
  year   = {2026},
  eprint = {2303.03915},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.03915},
  journal = {NEURIPS 2023 2023}
}

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