Lessons in Reproducibility: Insights from NLP Studies in Materials Science

Abstract

Natural Language Processing (NLP), a cornerstone field within artificial intelligence, has been increasingly utilized in the field of materials science literature. Our study conducts a reproducibility analysis of two pioneering works within this domain: "Machine-learned and codified synthesis parameters of oxide materials" by Kim et al., and "Unsupervised word embeddings capture latent knowledge from materials science literature" by Tshitoyan et al. We aim to comprehend these studies from a reproducibility perspective, acknowledging their significant influence on the field of materials informatics, rather than critiquing them. Our study indicates that both papers offered thorough workflows, tidy and well-documented codebases, and clear guidance for model evaluation. This makes it easier to replicate their results successfully and partially reproduce their findings. In doing so, they set commendable standards for future materials science publications to aspire to. However, our analysis also highlights areas for improvement such as to provide access to training data where copyright restrictions permit, more transparency on model architecture and the training process, and specifications of software dependency versions. We also cross-compare the word embedding models between papers, and find that some key differences in reproducibility and cross-compatibility are attributable to design choices outside the bounds of the models themselves. In summary, our study appreciates the benchmark set by these seminal papers while advocating for further enhancements in research reproducibility practices in the field of NLP for materials science. This balance of understanding and continuous improvement will ultimately propel the intersecting domains of NLP and materials science literature into a future of exciting discoveries.