FIRE: A Dataset for Feedback Integration and Refinement Evaluation of Multimodal Models

Pengxiang Li, Zhi Gao, Bofei Zhang, Tao Yuan, Yuwei Wu +4 more
2/3/2026

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Abstract

Vision language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive progress in diverse applications, becoming a prevalent research direction. In this paper, we build FIRE, a feedback-refinement dataset, consisting of 1.1M multi-turn conversations that are derived from 27 source datasets, empowering VLMs to spontaneously refine their responses based on user feedback across diverse tasks. To scale up the data collection, FIRE is collected in two components: FIRE-100K and FIRE-1M, where FIRE-100K is generated by GPT-4V, and FIRE-1M is freely generated via models trained on FIRE-100K. Then, we build FIRE-Bench, a benchmark to comprehensively evaluate the feedback-refining capability of VLMs, which contains 11K feedback-refinement conversations as the test data, two evaluation settings, and a model to provide feedback for VLMs. We develop the FIRE-LLaVA model by fine-tuning LLaVA on FIRE-100K and FIRE-1M, which shows remarkable feedback-refining capability on FIRE-Bench and outperforms untrained VLMs by 50%, making more efficient user-agent interactions and underscoring the significance of the FIRE dataset.

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@article{li2026fire,
  title  = {FIRE: A Dataset for Feedback Integration and Refinement Evaluation of Multimodal Models},
  author = {Pengxiang Li and Zhi Gao and Bofei Zhang and Tao Yuan and Yuwei Wu and Mehrtash Harandi and Yunde Jia and Song-Chun Zhu and Qing Li},
  year   = {2026},
  eprint = {2407.11522},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  doi    = {10.48550/arXiv.2407.11522},
  url    = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.11522},
  journal = {NEURIPS 2024 2024}
}

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