Advancing Earth Observation: A Survey on AI-Powered Image Processing in Satellites

Aidan Duggan, Bruno Andrade, Haithem Afli
1/21/2025
cs.LGcs.CV

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Abstract

Advancements in technology and reduction in it's cost have led to a substantial growth in the quality & quantity of imagery captured by Earth Observation (EO) satellites. This has presented a challenge to the efficacy of the traditional workflow of transmitting this imagery to Earth for processing. An approach to addressing this issue is to use pre-trained artificial intelligence models to process images on-board the satellite, but this is difficult given the constraints within a satellite's environment. This paper provides an up-to-date and thorough review of research related to image processing on-board Earth observation satellites. The significant constraints are detailed along with the latest strategies to mitigate them.

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Cite this paper

@article{duggan2025advancing,
  title  = {Advancing Earth Observation: A Survey on AI-Powered Image Processing in Satellites},
  author = {Aidan Duggan and Bruno Andrade and Haithem Afli},
  year   = {2025},
  eprint = {2501.12030},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2501.12030v1}
}

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