Large Language Model Use Impact Locus of Control

Jenny Xiyu Fu, Brennan Antone, Kowe Kadoma, Malte Jung
5/16/2025
cs.HCcs.AIcs.CL

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Abstract

As AI tools increasingly shape how we write, they may also quietly reshape how we perceive ourselves. This paper explores the psychological impact of co-writing with AI on people's locus of control. Through an empirical study with 462 participants, we found that employment status plays a critical role in shaping users' reliance on AI and their locus of control. Current results demonstrated that employed participants displayed higher reliance on AI and a shift toward internal control, while unemployed users tended to experience a reduction in personal agency. Through quantitative results and qualitative observations, this study opens a broader conversation about AI's role in shaping personal agency and identity.

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Cite this paper

@article{fu2025large,
  title  = {Large Language Model Use Impact Locus of Control},
  author = {Jenny Xiyu Fu and Brennan Antone and Kowe Kadoma and Malte Jung},
  year   = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.11406},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.11406v1}
}

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