NLP for Social Good: A Survey and Outlook of Challenges, Opportunities, and Responsible Deployment

Antonia Karamolegkou, Angana Borah, Eunjung Cho, Sagnik Ray Choudhury, Martina Galletti +28 more
5/28/2025
cs.CLcs.CY

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Abstract

Natural language processing (NLP) now shapes many aspects of our world, yet its potential for positive social impact is underexplored. This paper surveys work in ``NLP for Social Good" (NLP4SG) across nine domains relevant to global development and risk agendas, summarizing principal tasks and challenges. We analyze ACL Anthology trends, finding that inclusion and AI harms attract the most research, while domains such as poverty, peacebuilding, and environmental protection remain underexplored. Guided by our review, we outline opportunities for responsible and equitable NLP and conclude with a call for cross-disciplinary partnerships and human-centered approaches to ensure that future NLP technologies advance the public good.

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Cite this paper

@article{karamolegkou2025social,
  title  = {NLP for Social Good: A Survey and Outlook of Challenges, Opportunities, and Responsible Deployment},
  author = {Antonia Karamolegkou and Angana Borah and Eunjung Cho and Sagnik Ray Choudhury and Martina Galletti and Pranav Gupta and Oana Ignat and Priyanka Kargupta and Neema Kotonya and Hemank Lamba and Sun-Joo Lee and Arushi Mangla and Ishani Mondal and Fatima Zahra Moudakir and Deniz Nazarova and Poli Nemkova and Dina Pisarevskaya and Naquee Rizwan and Nazanin Sabri and Keenan Samway and Dominik Stammbach and Anna Steinberg and David Tomás and Steven R Wilson and Bowen Yi and Jessica H Zhu and Arkaitz Zubiaga and Anders Søgaard and Alexander Fraser and Zhijing Jin and Rada Mihalcea and Joel R. Tetreault and Daryna Dementieva},
  year   = {2025},
  eprint = {2505.22327},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22327v2}
}

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