FeynTune: Large Language Models for High-Energy Theory

Paul Richmond, Prarit Agarwal, Borun Chowdhury, Vasilis Niarchos, Constantinos Papageorgakis
7/24/2025
cs.CLcs.LGhep-th

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Abstract

We present specialized Large Language Models for theoretical High-Energy Physics, obtained as 20 fine-tuned variants of the 8-billion parameter Llama-3.1 model. Each variant was trained on arXiv abstracts (through August 2024) from different combinations of hep-th, hep-ph and gr-qc. For a comparative study, we also trained models on datasets that contained abstracts from disparate fields such as the q-bio and cs categories. All models were fine-tuned using two distinct Low-Rank Adaptation fine-tuning approaches and varying dataset sizes, and outperformed the base model on hep-th abstract completion tasks. We compare performance against leading commercial LLMs (ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, DeepSeek) and derive insights for further developing specialized language models for High-Energy Theoretical Physics.

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@article{richmond2025feyntune,
  title  = {FeynTune: Large Language Models for High-Energy Theory},
  author = {Paul Richmond and Prarit Agarwal and Borun Chowdhury and Vasilis Niarchos and Constantinos Papageorgakis},
  year   = {2025},
  eprint = {2508.03716},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03716v1}
}

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