TrInk: Ink Generation with Transformer Network

Zezhong Jin, Shubhang Desai, Xu Chen, Biyi Fang, Zhuoyi Huang +6 more
8/28/2025
cs.CLcs.AI

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Abstract

In this paper, we propose TrInk, a Transformer-based model for ink generation, which effectively captures global dependencies. To better facilitate the alignment between the input text and generated stroke points, we introduce scaled positional embeddings and a Gaussian memory mask in the cross-attention module. Additionally, we design both subjective and objective evaluation pipelines to comprehensively assess the legibility and style consistency of the generated handwriting. Experiments demonstrate that our Transformer-based model achieves a 35.56\% reduction in character error rate (CER) and an 29.66% reduction in word error rate (WER) on the IAM-OnDB dataset compared to previous methods. We provide an demo page with handwriting samples from TrInk and baseline models at: https://akahello-a11y.github.io/trink-demo/

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Cite this paper

@article{jin2025trink,
  title  = {TrInk: Ink Generation with Transformer Network},
  author = {Zezhong Jin and Shubhang Desai and Xu Chen and Biyi Fang and Zhuoyi Huang and Zhe Li and Chong-Xin Gan and Xiao Tu and Man-Wai Mak and Yan Lu and Shujie Liu},
  year   = {2025},
  eprint = {2508.21098},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.21098v1}
}

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