CoComposer: LLM Multi-agent Collaborative Music Composition

Peiwen Xing, Aske Plaat, Niki van Stein
8/29/2025
cs.SDcs.AIcs.MM

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Abstract

Existing AI Music composition tools are limited in generation duration, musical quality, and controllability. We introduce CoComposer, a multi-agent system that consists of five collaborating agents, each with a task based on the traditional music composition workflow. Using the AudioBox-Aesthetics system, we experimentally evaluate CoComposer on four compositional criteria. We test with three LLMs (GPT-4o, DeepSeek-V3-0324, Gemini-2.5-Flash), and find (1) that CoComposer outperforms existing multi-agent LLM-based systems in music quality, and (2) compared to a single-agent system, in production complexity. Compared to non- LLM MusicLM, CoComposer has better interpretability and editability, although MusicLM still produces better music.

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@article{xing2025cocomposer,
  title  = {CoComposer: LLM Multi-agent Collaborative Music Composition},
  author = {Peiwen Xing and Aske Plaat and Niki van Stein},
  year   = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.00132},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.00132v1}
}

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