SPEAR: An Engineering Case Study of Multi-Agent Coordination for Smart Contract Auditing

Arnab Mallick, Indraveni Chebolu, Harmesh Rana, Seema Pangal
2/4/2026
cs.MAcs.AIcs.DC

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Abstract

We present SPEAR, a multi-agent coordination framework for smart contract auditing that applies established MAS patterns in a realistic security analysis workflow. SPEAR models auditing as a coordinated mission carried out by specialized agents: a Planning Agent prioritizes contracts using risk-aware heuristics, an Execution Agent allocates tasks via the Contract Net protocol, and a Repair Agent autonomously recovers from brittle generated artifacts using a programmatic-first repair policy. Agents maintain local beliefs updated through AGM-compliant revision, coordinate via negotiation and auction protocols, and revise plans as new information becomes available. An empirical study compares the multi-agent design with centralized and pipeline-based alternatives under controlled failure scenarios, focusing on coordination, recovery behavior, and resource use.

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Cite this paper

@article{mallick2026spear,
  title  = {SPEAR: An Engineering Case Study of Multi-Agent Coordination for Smart Contract Auditing},
  author = {Arnab Mallick and Indraveni Chebolu and Harmesh Rana and Seema Pangal},
  year   = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.04418},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.04418v2}
}

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