A Training-Free Regeneration Paradigm: Contrastive Reflection Memory Guided Self-Verification and Self-Improvement

Abstract

Verification-guided self-improvement has recently emerged as a promising approach to improving the accuracy of large language model (LLM) outputs. However, existing approaches face a trade-off between inference efficiency and accuracy: iterative verification-rectification is computationally expensive and prone to being trapped in faulty reasoning, while best-of-N selection requires extensive sampling without addressing internal model flaws. We propose a training-free regeneration paradigm that leverages an offline-curated contrastive Reflection Memory (RM) to provide corrective guidance, while regenerating from scratch helps break out of faulty reasoning. At inference time, the method performs RM-guided self-verification followed by a single RM-guided regeneration, avoiding both iterative correction and multi-sample selection. We evaluated our method on nine benchmarks that span algorithmic, reasoning, symbolic, and domain-specific tasks in both small- and large-scale LLMs. Experiment results show that our method outperforms prior methods while maintaining low computational cost.