Empirical Comparison of Agent Communication Protocols for Task Orchestration

Ivan Dobrovolskyi
3/24/2026
cs.AI

No confident code implementation found for this paper. 3 possible matches can be shown below.

Abstract

Context. Nowadays, artificial intelligence agent systems are transforming from single-tool interactions to complex multi-agent orchestrations. As a result, two competing communication protocols have emerged: a tool integration protocol that standardizes how agents invoke external tools, and an inter-agent delegation protocol that enables autonomous agents to discover and delegate tasks to one another. Despite widespread industry adoption by dozens of enterprise partners, no empirical comparison of these protocols exists in the literature. Objective. The goal of this work is to develop the first systematic benchmark comparing tool-integration-only, multi-agent delegation, and hybrid architectures across standardized queries at three complexity levels, and to quantify the trade-offs in response time, context window consumption, monetary cost, error recovery, and implementation complexity.

View on arXivView PDF

Code Implementations

No confident code match yet

We couldn't find an author-owned or strongly-evidenced community implementation for this paper. 3 weaker matches are hidden by default — verify before relying on them.

No code implementations found yet.

Know of an implementation? Let us know in the comments below!

Similar Papers

A survey of agent interoperability protocols: Model Context Protocol (MCP), Agent Communication Protocol (ACP), Agent-to-Agent Protocol (A2A), and Agent Network Protocol (ANP)

83% match2025

OmniNova:A General Multimodal Agent Framework

83% match2025

Agentic AI Frameworks: Architectures, Protocols, and Design Challenges

81% match2025

OSWorld-MCP: Benchmarking MCP Tool Invocation In Computer-Use Agents

81% match2025

From Glue-Code to Protocols: A Critical Analysis of A2A and MCP Integration for Scalable Agent Systems

81% match2025

The Landscape of Emerging AI Agent Architectures for Reasoning, Planning, and Tool Calling: A Survey

81% match2024

Cite this paper

@article{dobrovolskyi2026empirical,
  title  = {Empirical Comparison of Agent Communication Protocols for Task Orchestration},
  author = {Ivan Dobrovolskyi},
  year   = {2026},
  eprint = {2603.22823},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.22823v1}
}

Add a badge to your README

Shows whether official code is linked for this paper.

Code of Paper badge
[![Code of Paper](https://codeofpaper.com/badge/2603.22823.svg)](https://codeofpaper.com/paper/2603.22823)

Discussion