PersonalAI 2.0: Enhancing knowledge graph traversal/retrieval with planning mechanism for Personalized LLM Agents

Abstract

We introduce PersonalAI 2.0 (PAI-2), a novel framework designed to enhance LLM-based systems through integration of external knowledge graphs (KGs). The proposed approach addresses key limitations of existing Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation (GraphRAG) methods by incorporating a dynamic, multistage pipeline. The central point of the PAI-2 design is its ability to perform adaptive, iterative information search, guided by extracted entities, matched graph vertices and generated clue-queries. Conducted evaluation on five benchmarks (Natural Questions, TriviaQA, HotpotQA, 2WikiMultihopQA and MuSiQue) demonstrates an improvement in the factual correctness of generated answers compared to baseline methods (LightRAG, RAPTOR, HippoRAG 2 and PAI-1). PAI-2 achieves a 9 percentage points (pp) average gain by LLM-as-a-Judge on 2WikiMultihopQA and MuSiQue benchmarks, and attains comparable accuracy to HippoRAG 2 on the TriviaQA and HotpotQA benchmarks with Qwen2.5 7B and multilingual-e5-large reflecting its effectiveness in reducing hallucination rates and increasing recall. We show that enabled search plan enhancement mechanism gain in average a 18 pp boost compared to disabled one by LLM-as-a-Judge across five benchmarks. In addition, an ablation study reveals that PAI-2 achieves superior result on the MINE-1 benchmark, obtaining an 89\% information-retention score with Qwen2.5 7B and multilingual-e5-large. Collectively, these findings underscore the potential of PAI-2 to serve as a reusable component for personalized AI applications, which require context-aware knowledge-representation and reasoning capabilities. The source code of PAI-2 is available at the following link: https://github.com/Dzigen/PersonalAI.