Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning based Intrusion Detection in Realistic IoT Networks

Rana Alharbi, Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed
6/30/2026
cs.CRcs.AI

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Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly growing and expanding into various sectors, such as healthcare, transportation, smart homes, and more. Despite the benefits of using IoT devices, they present several challenges. Given the significant role these devices play in our lives, it is crucial to address issues related to their security and privacy. These devices are limited in resources, which complicates their security and the protection of the data that they manage. The paper aims to examine intrusion detection systems using the Gotham2025 dataset, generated through the Gotham testbed, which consists of 78 emulated IoT devices utilising various protocols, including MQTT, CoAP, and RTSP, to assist in safeguarding IoT networks from attacks. We conduct a comparative analysis between five machine learning algorithms, including Random Forest, XGBoost, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes, and Deep Neural Network. We demonstrate that the Random Forest Classifier was the top-performing model, achieving an F1-score of 0.99 in classifying attacks.

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Cite this paper

@article{alharbi2026comparative,
  title  = {Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning based Intrusion Detection in Realistic IoT Networks},
  author = {Rana Alharbi and Chuadhry Mujeeb Ahmed},
  year   = {2026},
  eprint = {2606.31594},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2606.31594v1}
}

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