An Open Recipe for IMO Gold: Training Nemotron for Olympiad Mathematics

Ivan Moshkov, Stephen Ge, George Armstrong, Wei Du, Sadegh Mahdavi +1 more
9/9/2026
cs.AI

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Abstract

We study how model post-training and test-time inference design affect natural-language proof generation for hard olympiad mathematics. Starting from Nemotron 3 Ultra, we train two specialist checkpoints using supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning, and evaluate checkpoint choice, verification, and refinement. Based on these findings, we present an open-model test-time-compute pipeline. The system operates entirely in natural language, with no formal prover, external tools, or internet access. Three Nemotron 3 Ultra checkpoints - the general-availability model and two post-trained specialists - power an iterative search that generates, verifies, and refines candidate proofs; a separate high-compute stage then selects each final submission. The system scored 30 out of 42 points at IMO 2026, reaching the gold-medal threshold. We release the two post-trained checkpoints as well as the training data, the training and inference code, the submitted solutions, and Nemotron-IMO-Bench, a new benchmark of 200 novel olympiad-level problems.

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@article{moshkov2026open,
  title  = {An Open Recipe for IMO Gold: Training Nemotron for Olympiad Mathematics},
  author = {Ivan Moshkov and Stephen Ge and George Armstrong and Wei Du and Sadegh Mahdavi and Igor Gitman},
  year   = {2026},
  eprint = {2609.10712},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2609.10712v1}
}

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