Corpus-Guided Dual-Path Propagation for Graph Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Abstract

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation supports multi-hop retrieval by organizing corpus information into graphs. However, existing relation-free graph retrieval methods rely primarily on query-sentence similarity to search for evidence. This can exclude useful bridging evidence with low query similarity and activate incidental entities unrelated to the reasoning chain. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective approach called NexusRAG, which augments the relation-free Tri-Graph with a corpus-level entity neighborhood structure derived from joint entity co-occurrence and semantic similarity. NexusRAG employs this structure to guide two complementary propagation paths: neighborhood-constrained semantic propagation through sentences identifies the query-relevant entity frontier, while direct structural propagation between neighboring entities expands that frontier to structurally related entities. The propagated entity weights also inform neighborhood-aware passage initialization for Personalized PageRank. Experiments on three multi-hop QA benchmarks and a domain-specific subset of GraphRAG-Bench show that NexusRAG consistently outperforms existing approaches. On the GraphRAG-Bench subset, NexusRAG achieves the highest evidence recall in all question categories, exceeding baselines by 4.2-8.1 points. The implementation code is available at https://github.com/Jacob-biu/NexusRAG.