CktHGVAE: A Symmetric Design/State Heterogeneous Graph Variational Autoencoder for Transistor-level Analog/Mixed-signal Circuit Design and Analysis

Abstract

We propose CktHGVAE, a heterogeneous graph variational autoencoder for transistor-level analog/mixedsignal CMOS circuits that takes not only design variables but also state variables as its inputs and outputs. With a single hyperparameter configuration without topology-specific tuning, comparison between model-generated and SPICE-simulated circuit operational states gives median R2 values above 0.9 for typical single-ended voltage amplifiers and the CMOS inverter, and 0.81-0.96 for differential amplifiers with larger datasets. Latent-space optimization in the PCA-reduced latent space with Bayesian optimization, evolutionary search, random search, and quasi-exhaustive search is demonstrated for a common-source voltage amplifier with NMOS input and resistive load, where the objective function is defined as a penalty for deviation from required circuit specifications. For each search strategy, 93.3 - 100% of all design candidates suggested by the model satisfy the required circuit specifications at the decoder output, and SPICE simulations verify that 90 - 100% of them indeed satisfy the requirements. The model pretrained on a batch of topologies can be transferred to unseen topologies without retraining at all, with zero-shot reconstruction median R2 values of 0.72-0.90 in three of four scenarios, including transfer from single-ended to differential topologies, although the transfer fidelity depends on the choice of pretraining topologies. Our demonstrations suggest that the proposed model can potentially serve as a basis for AMS CMOS circuit design automation.