OmniVLoc: Topo-metric Visual Localization for Omnidirectional Cameras

Abstract

Omnidirectional cameras provide surround-view information, significantly overcoming the field-of-view constraints for traditional visual localization systems. However, existing localization systems fail to fully exploit the characteristics of omnidirectional cameras, struggling to deliver accurate and robust localization performance amidst scene content variations and illumination-induced appearance changes. In this work, we propose OmniVLoc, a surround-view localization system based on a topo-metric framework. By integrating state-of-the-art global place recognition and monocular depth estimation methods, we introduce a multi-constrained visual localization paradigm. By solving a scale-aware pose graph and performing precise spherical bundle adjustment, we accurately recover the metric-level pose for each query frame.Furthermore, a hierarchical verification mechanism is designed to filter out erroneous outputs across different stages, effectively bolstering the overall system robustness. Extensive experiments on both public and our custom datasets validate the superior accuracy and reliability of OmniVLoc. To benefit the community, our source code and dataset will be made publicly available upon publication.