KungfuBot2: Learning Versatile Motion Skills for Humanoid Whole-Body Control

Jinrui Han, Weiji Xie, Jiakun Zheng, Jiyuan Shi, Weinan Zhang +2 more
9/20/2025
cs.ROcs.AI

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Abstract

Learning versatile whole-body skills by tracking various human motions is a fundamental step toward general-purpose humanoid robots. This task is particularly challenging because a single policy must master a broad repertoire of motion skills while ensuring stability over long-horizon sequences. To this end, we present VMS, a unified whole-body controller that enables humanoid robots to learn diverse and dynamic behaviors within a single policy. Our framework integrates a hybrid tracking objective that balances local motion fidelity with global trajectory consistency, and an Orthogonal Mixture-of-Experts (OMoE) architecture that encourages skill specialization while enhancing generalization across motions. A segment-level tracking reward is further introduced to relax rigid step-wise matching, enhancing robustness when handling global displacements and transient inaccuracies. We validate VMS extensively in both simulation and real-world experiments, demonstrating accurate imitation of dynamic skills, stable performance over minute-long sequences, and strong generalization to unseen motions. These results highlight the potential of VMS as a scalable foundation for versatile humanoid whole-body control. The project page is available at https://kungfubot2-humanoid.github.io.

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Cite this paper

@article{han2025kungfubot,
  title  = {KungfuBot2: Learning Versatile Motion Skills for Humanoid Whole-Body Control},
  author = {Jinrui Han and Weiji Xie and Jiakun Zheng and Jiyuan Shi and Weinan Zhang and Ting Xiao and Chenjia Bai},
  year   = {2025},
  eprint = {2509.16638},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url    = {http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.16638v1}
}

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